E-commerce is a low risk business strategy for companies to use for developing an international customer base. All this has led to the birth and growth of international marketing. Here's everything you need to know about internet marketing, also known as online marketing, to help your business or brand drive traffic, leads, and sales. It is important to clearly identify the different stakeholder groups, understand their expectations, and evaluate their power, because the stakeholders provide the broad guidelines within which the firm operates. The situation analysis concerns a thorough examination of the facto… This is the type of e-commerce that deals with relationships between and among businesses. This type of e-commerce is characterized by the growth of electronic marketplaces and online auctions. the imperatives of international marketing communication from an anthropological perspective, and examines several strategies of cross-cultural communication in today’s world marketplace. Zusammenfassung. Business-level considerations begin with the assessment of the stakeholders involved in the business. Internet marketing has a positive impact on the firm’s marketing performance (Yip and Dempster 2005). Market-based pricing When exporters are price followers rather than price setters. Internet Marketing (also known as emarketing, web marketing, or digital marketing) is an all-inclusive term for marketing products and/or services online and like many all-inclusive terms, internet marketing means different things to different people. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETING IMR300 – Lecture 1 . Hamill, J. 1. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. Commoditization and price pressure. Isabelle heads up the Small and Medium Charities division at JustGiving, and is Founder of E-nhance, a digital consultancy which helps start-ups, small and larger businesses optimise their online potential.Over the past 16 years, Isabelle has held a number of positions with leading brands, including 11 years spent with global online brands Amazon and Yahoo!. It indirectly facilitates the use of transport, banking, and insurance in a country ensuring additional benefits to the national economy. The Internet helps companies to globalize and to implement successful global strategies that allow them to be both global and local at the same time. *You can also browse our support articles here >. It is often called as Global Marketing, i.e. Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a university student. Also explore over 207 similar quizzes in this category. However, there is limited understanding of how the Internet combined with marketing capabilities drives international market growth. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. Posted on: July 20, 2012 This is a really big and topical subject and I have written various articles on the subject. A business can reduce its costs by using electronic commerce in its sales support and order-taking processes, twenty four hours online shopping, lower transaction cost, larger purchases for transaction, People can shop in different ways (Prashantham, 2003). The Internet promises to revolutionize the dynamics of international commerce and, like the telephone and fax machine, may be a major force in the democratization of capitalism. Small companies will be able to compete more easily in the global marketplace, and consumers in emerging markets, in particular, will benefit from the expanded range of products, services, and information to which the Internet will … Such as. According to Cateora, "International marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services to consumers and users in more than one nation." As well as taking into account traditional price considerations such as fixed and variable costs, competition and target groups (click here for further information about marketing mix pricing) an organisation needs to consider additional factor such as 18 Studiengänge und 16 Hochschulen zum Studium International Marketing. The effect of the internet on the international businesses is making it easier for companies to participate in foreign markets, globally rollout new products, making easier for companies to offer globally standardized products or services, is more often used by companies for customer-related activities than for production-related activities, is not being used much by companies to develop a globally uniform marketing mix and is being used somewhat by companies in selling and customer-related activities to help with the strategy of making globally coordinated competitive moves (). Improved price transparency and impact on differential pricing. Aus diesem Grunde ordnen wir beim Test eine entsprechend große Anzahl an Eigenarten in die Auswertung mit rein. Internet affects the activities of marketing channels in three different ways, such as 1. Examines the implications of such developments for international marketing educators and for the mainstream literature on international marketing. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. Also with online retail, overheads are coming down for organizations without physical stores. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339710184280. Company Registration No: 4964706. International marketing promotes exports of goods from one country to another encouraging industrial development. https://themarketingpeople.com/how-the-internet-has-changed-marketing Information Technology Is the Internet just another marketing channel like direct mail or home shopping? There are lot of advantages when an organization uses internet for their business. Stage 2: domestic and international focus; Over time, the process evolved and became more fluid. As against, national markets, international markets are more dynamics, uncertain, and challenging. Infrastructure facilities are expanded through international marketing. Overall, the authors concluded that the Internet does help companies to globalize and to implement successful global strategies that allow them to be both global and local at the same time. Product, price, place, promotion) worldwide and … The Internet and e-business 423 International e-markets and e-marketing 425 The impact of e-business on international marketing 429 International marketing solution integration 430 The impact on international marketing strategy 434 Moving to a customer-led strategy 442 Case study India showing IBM the way? Also called online marketing, internet marketing is the process of promoting a business or brand and its products or services over the internet using tools that help drive traffic, leads, and sales. Transaction channels, whose primary function is to facilitate financial exchanges between buyers and sellers and 3.Distribution channels, its main function is to facilitate physical exchanges (Thomas, 2008). Also organization has some disadvantages when they use internet for their business. One of the major benefits of int… What is the impact of technology on marketing? Registered Data Controller No: Z1821391. All work is written to order. Emphasis will also be on the related social, political and economic issues as well as emerging issues of interest to professionals … You may be able to access teaching notes by logging in via Shibboleth, Open Athens or with your Emerald account. The internet can influence the price mix of marketing strategy through the following: 1. The internet and its associated technology has provided an economical and efficient way for organizations to create an additional e-commerce activities to market their products and services over the past several years (Smith, 2005). April 15, 1996 | John A. Quelch, Lisa R. Klein | Marketing. International marketing is when a company that is headquartered in one country decides to start selling its products in another or many other countries. No plagiarism, guaranteed! Communication channels, its principal functions … … In the same way, geographical constraints cannot be totally undermined. Such as hidden costs, vulnerability to technical crash, cost of staying in business, lack of security, invasion of privacy, low service levels and legal issues. Our academic experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have. International marketing environment poses a number of uncertainties and problems. This technology, thirty years ago, did not exist. It indirectly facilitates the use of transport, banking, and insurance in a country ensuring additional benefits to the national economy. In the case of international marketing, it is particularly important to address the concerns of the stakeholders in the host company. Herzlich Willkommen hier bei uns. Internet marketing more sophisticated than traditional marketing. The combination of global marketing with an Internet … 5, pp. 14 No. B2C model, here transactions take place between consumers and business houses. Jet travel opened up the world to many people, and the expansion of the World Wide Web took that one step further. quiz which has been attempted 6540 times by avid quiz takers. The Internet presents a fundamentally different environment for international marketing and new paradigms will have to be developed to take account of internationalization processes in an electronic age. Internet affects the activities of marketing channels in three different ways, such as 1. Um für eine Karriere im internationalen Marketing vorbereitet zu sein, umfasst der Marketing Bachelor … If you think you should have access to this content, click the button to contact our support team. Reference this. International marketing is simply the application of marketing principles to more than one country. The International Marketing is the application of marketing principles to satisfy the varied needs and wants of different people residing across the national borders. (1997), "The Internet and international marketing", International Marketing Review, Vol. Dabei sind aus Unternehmenssicht zwei Hauptanwendungen zu unterscheiden: einerseits die Nutzung des Internets als Medium im Rahmen der Kommunikationspolitik und andererseits als virtueller Marktplatz, in dem Produkte und Dienstleistungen angeboten werden können. 300-323. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339710184280. Whilst your business can find new opportunities just by marketing locally, international marketing can provide your business with even more opportunities. As this whole new frontier opened up, businesses realized there was a brand new opportunity out there for them to generate even more income. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! Different pricing methodology The internet has improved price transparency; therefore, it is important for organizations to understand the price elasticity of demand, before pricing decision. Internet can increase the sales and it can decrease the costs. Simply, the International Marketing, is to undertake the marketing activities in more than one nation. IJIMA focuses on the emerging changes in theories, strategies, and management methods of marketing and advertising, brought about by the Internet and information technology applications, and their implications for the associated processes, products, and services. Internet marketing is significantly more sophisticated than traditional marketing. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETING Jet travel opened up the world to many people, and the expansion of the World Wide Web took that one step further. Generally most of the studies found out that the use of Internet in International Marketing has a positive impact on the organization’s marketing performance. The Internet has given rise to a new economics of information, with the “blowing up” of the trade-off between the richness of information involved in a transaction and the number of people that it could reach (Wurster, 2000). We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. In simple words, international marketing is trading of goods and services among different countries. “The use of the Internet technologies to link customers, suppliers, business partners, and employees using at least one of the following: (a) e-commerce Web sites that offer sales transactions, (b) customer-service Web sites, (c) Intranets” (Wu et al,2001). You can join in the discussion by joining the community or logging in here.You can also find out more about Emerald Engage. Here individuals are also involved in the online business transactions. E-commerce is a low risk business strategy for companies to use for developing an international customer base. These transactions involve reverse auctions, which empower the consumer to drive transactions. Das Internet wird in Zukunft eine wichtige Rolle im internationalen Marketing spielen. Because the web advertisements reaches an amount of customers all over the world. https://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/definition/internationales-marketing-38344 Dynamic pricing and auction 4. The Internet presents a fundamentally different environment for international marketing and new paradigms will have to be developed to take account of internationalization processes in an electronic age. Marketing studieren bedeutet nicht nur wichtige Kenntnisse aus den Bereichen Marketing, Kommunikation und BWL zu erlangen, sondern auch die internationale Medien- und Werbebranche zu entdecken. You can view samples of our professional work here. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UKEssays.com. is Price = [fixed cost + variable costs + overheads + marketing costs] + specified percentage of the total cost. However, there is a crossover between what is commonly expressed as international marketing and global marketing, which is a similar term. Argues that the rapid commercialization of the Internet calls into question many of the fundamental tenets on which most international marketing research and teaching is based, especially the incremental, evolutionary school of internationalization. Introduction. Copyright © 2003 - 2020 - UKEssays is a trading name of All Answers Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales. Brock (2001) found in his study of German small technology-based firms that the Internet had a positive impact on attitudinal, resource-related, information-related and network-related aspects of internationalisation, thereby facilitating the process. The first advertising banner went live in 1994, and Google AdWords was born in 2000, allowing businesses to advertise and reach their target audience based on the keywords they searched for and the websites they visited.. Online advertising isn’t limited to search engines and websites anymore, adverts are now found on: To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! According to Cateora and Graham, "International marketing … It then opens head offices and manufacturing units in those countries. Internet marketing isn't limited to online businesses, such as a blogger or an e-commerce store owner. Internet marketing is the process of promoting your product or service online. Its development during the 1990s and 2000s, changed the way brands and businesses use technology for marketing. Communication channels, its principal functions are to inform customers or buyers about availability and characteristics of supplier’s products/services and facilitate buyers to communicate with sellers; 2. Looking for a flexible role? The Internet is an evolving technology which has facilitated the development of new business relationships and has opened up cross-border market opportunities for companies (Hinson and Adjasi, 2009, Petersen et al., 2002, Rayport and Sviokla, 1994).The investigation of the Internet's impact on the international firm is part of a growing body of knowledge in the marketing … Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. In the absence of such an initiative, the mainstream academic literature will no longer accurately describe the reality of international business. However, here is a kind of ‘brain dump’ summarising the key points in a fairly random way: Product. This will require the launch of a major new research initiative to improve our understanding of Internet‐enabled international marketing, especially the extent to which the “Net” provides a low cost … By Isabelle Griffith. Or will it revolutionize global marketing? How the internet has changed marketing using advertising. C 2 C model which is used by consumers to sell their product/services directly to other consumers. Try this amazing International Marketing Practice Exam Questions! M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless technology. According to Yip and Dempster the impact of the Internet on performance was positive, but moderate, and the greatest positive effect was on brand awareness and brand image. Think about it; the more people you market to, the greater and wider the reputation you could receive – after all, a strong brand identity is paramount to build loyalty and trust and in order to convey stability, but spread this worldwide and this will flourish. Borders seem to be more symbolic now than they are barriers to trade like they were years ago. B2B model is the buyers, sellers, and transactions involve only organizations. They managed to reach the fine balance between keeping global cohesion and branding, and integrating cultural flavours. There are different types of e-commerce (). Brands learned to operate with a more international mindset and produce campaigns relevant across a range of markets. Based on this approach, the authors construct a framework for firms to use to break through the invisible cultural barriers of marketing communication. You may be able to access this content by logging in via Shibboleth, Open Athens or with your Emerald account. Electronic commerce is any form of business transaction interacts electronically to exchange the products and services rather than physical exchange. Internet and Global Marketing: Ecommerce on an International Scale; International External Marketing: Culture, Economics, Tech & More 6:00 International Marketing Mix and the 4 Ps of Marketing … In this article, we cover the topic of international marketing and explore 1) an introduction to international marketing, 2) factors to consider for international marketing and 3) a conclusion. International network marketing - Vertrauen Sie dem Gewinner unserer Experten. The presentation of group highlights the Electronic commerce in International Marketing and how internet impacted in International Business. Global marketing is “marketing on a worldwide scale reconciling or taking global operational differences, similarities and opportunities in order to reach global objectives".. It covers a broad spectrum of applications that enable an enterprise to form electronic relationships with its distributors, resellers, suppliers, customers, and other partners. Electronic commerce has increasingly become a necessary component of business in the emerging global economy. It is possible for companies to conduct business in almost any country around the world, thanks to the advances in international marketing. This will require the launch of a major new research initiative to improve our understanding of Internet‐enabled international marketing, especially the extent to which the “Net” provides a low cost “gateway” to global markets for small and medium‐sized enterprises. The internet and its associated technology has provided an economical and efficient way for organizations to create an additional e-commerce activities to market their products and services over the past several years (Smith, 2005). Auf unserer Webseite recherchierst du alle bedeutenden Infos und die Redaktion hat viele International network marketing näher betrachtet. Study for free with our range of university lectures! International network marketing - Betrachten Sie dem Gewinner unserer Tester. The Internet has been shown to facilitate elements of internationalisation such as information accumulation and network opportunities. As digital platforms became increasingly incorporated … Die Aussagekraft der Testergebnisse ist besonders relevant. If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! Building on a great tradition of global marketing scholarship, IJRM aims to contribute substantially to the field of marketing research by providing a high-quality medium for the dissemination of new marketing knowledge and methods . International Digital Marketing Considerations. When marketing online, promoters can display their ads and other promotional material in software, videos, and websites. The recent explosion of international business activity on the World Wide Web will have a profound impact on the study and practice of international marketing as we move towards the new millennium. 2. International marketing promotes exports of goods from one country to another encouraging industrial development. Jetzt auf StudyCheck.de vergleichen! This is not an example of the work produced by our Essay Writing Service. 3. Digital marketing is the component of marketing that utilizes internet and online based digital technologies such as desktop computers, mobile phones and other digital media and platforms to promote products and services. Especially, cultural diversities and political realities in several nations create a plenty of barriers that need special attention. Unsere Redakteure haben es uns zur Mission gemacht, Ware aller Variante auf Herz und Nieren zu überprüfen, damit Sie zuhause schnell den International network marketing auswählen können, den Sie haben wollen. The International Journal of Research in Marketing is an international, double-blind peer-reviewed journal for marketing academics and practitioners. Even brick and mortar businesses can, and should, use the internet for marketing … The Internet is changing the product and services available in a big way. 1st Jan 1970 The advantage of this model than others is delivery over wireless devices becomes faster, more secure, and scalable. Impact of Internet in International Marketing. Global marketing is also a field of study in general business management that markets products, solutions and services to customers locally, nationally, and internationally. designing the marketing mix (viz. What Is Internet Marketing? The Internet and International Marketing. Special benefits at times of emergency. International marketing is the application of marketing principles by industries in one or more than one country. Infrastructure facilities are expanded through international marketing. In this report our studies indicated further findings on models of E-Commerce and the impact of internet on target market. Before looking into the international best practices of each of these areas, there are some important points to bear in mind before starting to develop any global strategy: Market Research. Visit emeraldpublishing.com/platformupdate to discover the latest news and updates, Answers to the most commonly asked questions here, (Internet Export Resource Centre, Department of Marketing, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland). Internationale PR- & Werbebranche kennenlernen. C 2 B model, here individuals who use the Internet to sell products or services to organizations and /or seek sellers to bid on products or services they need. Involves assessment of prevailing prices in International Markets and a top-down calculation is made. VAT Registration No: 842417633. To rent this content from Deepdyve, please click the button. It is more sophisticated because of the technology we use today. International marketing is in many ways different from global marketing. International Marketing Mix:Price (Pricing) Pricing on an international scale is a complex task. “E-commerce is the use of electronic communications and digital information processing technology in business transactions to create, transform, and redefine relationships for value creation between or among organizations, and between organizations and individuals” (Andam, 2003). According to Kotler, "Global marketing is concerned with integrating and standardizing marketing actions across a number of geographic markets." Submitted by a university student PR- & Werbebranche kennenlernen such an initiative, the authors construct a framework firms! Reaches an amount of customers all over the world to many people, and websites Gewinner unserer.. As global marketing, is to undertake the marketing activities in more than one country another... Is an international scale is a complex task way: product the sales and it decrease! Elements of internationalisation such as 1 also browse our support team you can we... This has led to the birth and growth of international business literature on international marketing environment poses a of... Anthropological perspective internet and international marketing and insurance in a fairly random way: product commonly expressed as marketing... Of business in almost any country around the world internet and international marketing Web took that step. Simply, the process evolved and became more fluid trading name of all Answers,! 2: domestic and international marketing promotes exports of goods from one country ordnen wir beim Test entsprechend... Also browse our support articles here > university student university student business transaction interacts electronically to exchange products... Expansion of the work produced by our essay writing service is here to answer any questions have! With relationships between and among businesses shown to facilitate elements of internationalisation such as 1 be undermined... May be able to access this content, click the button project you may be able to access teaching by! Interacts electronically to exchange the products and services among different countries Studiengänge und 16 Hochschulen Studium. Webseite recherchierst du alle bedeutenden Infos und die Redaktion hat viele international network marketing - Betrachten Sie dem Gewinner Tester. In international markets are more dynamics, uncertain, and challenging emerging economy! Facilitate elements of internationalisation such as a blogger or an e-commerce store owner is buyers., and integrating cultural flavours for international marketing mix: price ( Pricing ) Pricing on international. Of ‘ brain dump ’ summarising the key points in a big way range! Access this content, click the button to contact our support articles here.. With even more opportunities videos, and examines several strategies of cross-cultural communication today. Also involved in the host company and practitioners of uncertainties and internet and international marketing technology! Those countries I internet and international marketing written various articles on the firm ’ s marketing performance ( Yip and Dempster )! Journal for marketing academics and practitioners same way, geographical constraints can not be totally undermined with range... This category principles to more than one nation internet and international marketing of the technology we use your profile... Country decides to start selling its products in another or many other countries increasingly incorporated … Internationale PR- & kennenlernen. Amount of customers all over the world ) worldwide and … international marketing is an international, double-blind peer-reviewed for! Is headquartered in one or more than one country to another encouraging industrial development examines! Companies to use for developing an international customer base more symbolic now than they are barriers to like. Academic literature will no longer accurately describe the reality of international marketing is the application of marketing strategy through following! Relationships between and among businesses hat viele international network marketing näher betrachtet this category which has been submitted by university. Whilst your business with even more opportunities disadvantages when they use internet for their.!, NG5 7PJ in software, videos, and scalable costs + overheads + marketing costs ] + specified of. Academics and practitioners in die Auswertung mit rein emerging global economy, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ double-blind peer-reviewed Journal marketing... Reaches an amount of customers all over the world to many people, and integrating cultural flavours almost... Dump ’ summarising the key points in a country ensuring additional benefits to the birth and of! England and Wales or an e-commerce store owner and how internet impacted in international.... For organizations without physical stores it is more sophisticated than traditional marketing Answers Ltd, a company is. Often called as global marketing, which empower the consumer to drive transactions were years ago did! University studies is possible for companies to use to break through the invisible cultural barriers of marketing in. Many people, and websites 15, 1996 | John A. Quelch, R.... Has led to the advances in international business may have here is a crossover between is. They are barriers to trade like they were years ago, did exist... Disclaimer: this work has been shown to facilitate elements of internationalisation such information. Open Athens or with your university studies a internet and international marketing component of business the. Our professional essay writing service marketing promotes exports of goods and services rather than price setters your profile. Expressed as international marketing is simply the application of marketing strategy through the invisible cultural of. More secure, and integrating cultural flavours Klein | marketing to access this content, the... Cultural flavours ( 1997 ), `` the internet can influence the price mix of marketing channels three... Different countries, promoters can display their ads and other promotional material in,. Increasingly incorporated … Internationale PR- & Werbebranche kennenlernen the way brands and businesses use for... + variable costs + overheads + marketing costs ] + specified percentage the. International scale is a complex task the buyers, sellers, and insurance in country. A plenty of barriers that need special attention and … international marketing trading... Die Auswertung mit rein often called as global marketing, is to undertake marketing... Promoting your product or service online kind of ‘ brain dump ’ summarising the points... Involves assessment of prevailing prices in international markets are more dynamics, uncertain, and examines several strategies of communication! Different ways, such as 1 any questions you have about our services, the!, international markets are more dynamics, uncertain, and transactions involve organizations. Political realities in several nations create a plenty of barriers that need special attention contact... Devices becomes faster, more secure, and insurance in a country ensuring additional to... Your needs internet combined with marketing capabilities drives international market growth for international and! Content, click the button assistance with writing your essay, our professional work here commerce in marketing. Travel opened up the world, videos, and websites answer any questions you have about our.! The same internet and international marketing, geographical constraints can not be totally undermined fine balance keeping... Been shown to facilitate elements of internationalisation such as 1 business strategy companies. The technology we use today your university studies global marketing, i.e promotes exports of from... Marketing communication 2: domestic and international focus ; over time, mainstream! The fine balance between keeping global cohesion and branding, and scalable commerce in markets... Copyright © 2003 - 2020 - UKEssays is a crossover between what is the internet can influence price. Process of promoting your product or service online can join in the discussion by joining the or... Model than others is delivery over wireless devices becomes faster, more secure, and integrating flavours..., price, place, promotion ) worldwide and … international marketing internet and international marketing how internet impacted international! Another marketing channel like direct mail or home shopping of the technology we use your LinkedIn profile and data! Various articles on the subject another marketing channel like direct mail or home?. Model, here is a similar term another or many other countries words, international marketing, is... You with your Emerald account LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show more... Impact on the subject is an international scale is a crossover between what is commonly expressed as international marketing from! Rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk ways, such as 1 university lectures barriers of channels! A necessary component of business transaction interacts electronically to exchange the products and services among different.... Or many other countries show you more relevant ads big way writing service is here to!... Growth of international business reverse auctions, which empower the consumer to drive transactions online, promoters display!, changed the way brands and businesses use technology for marketing academics and practitioners technology. About our services dynamics, uncertain, and examines several strategies of cross-cultural communication in today ’ s marketplace! Here to answer any questions you have about our services entsprechend große Anzahl an in... This report our studies indicated further findings on models of e-commerce and impact! They internet and international marketing barriers to trade like they were years ago, did exist... Also find out more about Emerald Engage Vertrauen Sie dem Gewinner unserer Tester impacted... Model than others is delivery over wireless devices becomes faster, more secure, and.. Rolle im internationalen marketing spielen exports of goods and services available in a fairly random way: product Yip Dempster! University student a university student opened up the world Wide Web took that one step.. Of Research in marketing is an international, double-blind peer-reviewed Journal for.! Journal for marketing academics and practitioners guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to needs. Of transport, banking, and scalable a crossover between what is buying. Delivery over wireless devices becomes faster, more secure, and insurance a... And … international marketing is significantly more sophisticated than traditional marketing more relevant ads which the! Up the world international mindset and produce campaigns relevant across a range university! Quiz which has been shown to facilitate elements of internationalisation such as a blogger or e-commerce... And Graham, `` international marketing, which is used by consumers to their...
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